In the Eure, the winter cold changes from one place to another. One winter in ten, it falls to about −11 °C towards Pont-Audemer, −12 °C in the Seine valley, −13 °C in Évreux and −15 °C from Bernay to the Pays d'Ouche.
We went through thirty winters of Météo-France records, from 1996 to 2026, and compared them with the hardiness of each of our plants. Choose your area below. You will find:
- the citrus trees that spend the winter outdoors without protection;
- those that need a fleece on frosty nights;
- those that stay in a pot.
The lists are kept up to date: only the plants available today are shown with a photo.
- −5 °C or milder
- −6 to −7 °C
- −8 to −9 °C
- −10 to −11 °C
- −12 to −13 °C
- −14 to −15 °C
- −16 to −17 °C
- −18 to −19 °C
- −20 °C and colder
Colour: the cold of one winter in ten, on the plain. Click on a neighbouring département to see its page. Map of the whole of France.
Choose your area:
−11 °Cone winter in ten
North-west: Pont-Audemer, Beuzeville and Lieuvin
Pont-Audemer, Beuzeville, Boulleville, Cormeilles, Lieurey, Saint-Georges-du-Vièvre
See the citrus trees for this area
The north-west, near the Seine estuary, is the least cold part of the département: −11 °C one winter in ten and −7 °C in an ordinary winter. Boulleville stays at −9.3 °C, Beuzeville falls to −12.0 °C. Citranges, yuzus and the hardiest satsumas spend the winter outdoors here; the other satsumas, kumquats, orange trees and the hardiest clementines need a fleece on frosty nights, against a south-facing wall. Lemon trees and the other clementines stay in pots. The silty soil often stays wet in winter: plant on a mound.
Lieurey
The soil of the area and the rootstock
According to the soil map, this area mostly has silty soils, soils waterlogged part of the year and ordinary brown soils. In practice, the soil is often winter-wet and silty.
Rootstocks to favour: Poncirus, then 4475.
Your plot may be different. Look at the Géoportail soil map (in French) around your home, then refine with our 5-step test.
In open ground, without protection
They withstand −11 °C. In the first years, a fleece on nights below −5 °C is a sensible precaution.
-
Satsuma China S-2
down to −12 °C · €41.00
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Changsha Mandarin
down to −12 °C · €38.00
-
Changshan Huyou
down to −11 °C · €38.00
-
Sudachi Seneca
down to −12 °C · €42.00
-
Yuzu 3
down to −15 °C · €38.00
-
Morton Citrange
down to −15 °C · €35.00
-
Clemyuz
down to −12 °C · €38.00
-
Eremorange
down to −12 °C · €35.00
See all 19 available plants that withstand −11 °C
Sold out for now: 12 other plants
On their page, “Notify me” lets you know when they are back: Ambersweet, Auline, Bendizao Mandarin, Hana Yuzu, Satsuma Dobashi Beni, Satsuma Kowano, Satsuma Louisiana, Satsuma Miho, Satsuma Saigon, Satsuma Waze, Thornless Yuzu, Yuzu.
In open ground, with a fleece on frosty nights
They withstand −8 °C. A winter fleece put on at each frost and removed as soon as the frost stops, and a sheltered spot against a south-facing wall.
-
Satsuma Miyagawa
down to −10 °C · €38.00
-
Ermelo Orange
down to −10 °C · €47.00
-
Kishu Kino Kuni Mandarin
down to −10 °C · €42.00
-
Welker Grapefruit
down to −10 °C · €35.00
-
Kinkoji
down to −10 °C · €38.00
-
Orisa 9 Tangor
down to −9 °C · €41.00
-
Yuko
down to −9 °C · €38.00
-
Fukushu Kumquat
down to −10 °C · €32.30
See all 38 available plants that withstand −8 °C
Sold out for now: 31 other plants
On their page, “Notify me” lets you know when they are back: Corsican Mountain Orange, Dom Joao Orange, Fragola Orange, Haruka, Harumi, Hassaku, Hyuganatsu, Jabara, Juanita Mandarin, Kino Kuni Mikakukishu Mandarin, Mapo Tangelo, Meiwa Kumquat, Minneola, Moro Orange, Nameiwa Kumquat, Natsudaidai, Ota 38 Tangor, Rio Red Grapefruit, Salustiana Orange, Sanbokan, Satsuma China S-3, Satsuma Iwasaki, Satsuma Pucheng, Sciara x Clem Blood Tangor, Seminole, Setubalense Mandarin, Shunkokan, Ugli, Vaniglia Sanguigno Orange, Wekiwa Tangelolo, Z194 Ichangensis x Sinensis.
The others: in a pot, brought in for the winter
Lemons, limes and less hardy citrus (more tender than −8 °C): in a large pot, outdoors from spring to autumn and brought into a bright, frost-free room for the winter. All our citrus trees.
−12 °Cone winter in ten
Seine valley and Vexin normand
Les Andelys, Vernon, Gaillon, Louviers, Muids, Étrépagny, Gisors
See the citrus trees for this area
The Seine valley and the Vexin normand: −12 °C one winter in ten and −8 °C in an ordinary winter. On the banks of the Seine, Muids stays at −11.2 °C and Les Andelys at −12.0 °C; on the Vexin plateau, Étrépagny falls to −16.0 °C. Citranges, yuzus and the hardiest satsumas spend the winter outdoors here; the other satsumas, kumquats and the hardiest clementines need a fleece, against a south-facing wall. Orange trees and the other clementines stay in pots. The soil is often chalky.
Étrépagny
The soil of the area and the rootstock
According to the soil map, this area mostly has ordinary brown soils and waterlogged soils. In practice, the soil is often chalky and winter-wet.
Rootstocks to favour: Poncirus, then FA5. Poncirus only if the active lime stays below about 5% (soil analysis).
Your plot may be different. Look at the Géoportail soil map (in French) around your home, then refine with our 5-step test.
In open ground, without protection
They withstand −12 °C. In the first years, a fleece on nights below −5 °C is a sensible precaution.
-
Satsuma China S-2
down to −12 °C · €41.00
-
Changsha Mandarin
down to −12 °C · €38.00
-
Sudachi Seneca
down to −12 °C · €42.00
-
Yuzu 3
down to −15 °C · €38.00
-
Morton Citrange
down to −15 °C · €35.00
-
Clemyuz
down to −12 °C · €38.00
-
Eremorange
down to −12 °C · €35.00
-
Satsuma Owari FS
down to −12 °C · €42.00
See all 17 available plants that withstand −12 °C
Sold out for now: 11 other plants
On their page, “Notify me” lets you know when they are back: Ambersweet, Auline, Bendizao Mandarin, Hana Yuzu, Satsuma Dobashi Beni, Satsuma Kowano, Satsuma Louisiana, Satsuma Saigon, Satsuma Waze, Thornless Yuzu, Yuzu.
In open ground, with a fleece on frosty nights
They withstand −9 °C. A winter fleece put on at each frost and removed as soon as the frost stops, and a sheltered spot against a south-facing wall.
-
Satsuma Miyagawa
down to −10 °C · €38.00
-
Ermelo Orange
down to −10 °C · €47.00
-
Shekwasha
down to −11 °C · €34.85
-
Changshan Huyou
down to −11 °C · €38.00
-
Kinkoji
down to −10 °C · €38.00
-
Orisa 9 Tangor
down to −9 °C · €41.00
-
Yuko
down to −9 °C · €38.00
-
Fukushu Kumquat
down to −10 °C · €32.30
See all 21 available plants that withstand −9 °C
Sold out for now: 20 other plants
On their page, “Notify me” lets you know when they are back: Corsican Mountain Orange, Haruka, Harumi, Hyuganatsu, Jabara, Juanita Mandarin, Kino Kuni Mikakukishu Mandarin, Mapo Tangelo, Meiwa Kumquat, Minneola, Nameiwa Kumquat, Natsudaidai, Rio Red Grapefruit, Sanbokan, Satsuma China S-3, Satsuma Iwasaki, Satsuma Miho, Satsuma Pucheng, Setubalense Mandarin, Shunkokan.
The others: in a pot, brought in for the winter
Lemons, limes and less hardy citrus (more tender than −9 °C): in a large pot, outdoors from spring to autumn and brought into a bright, frost-free room for the winter. All our citrus trees.
−13 °Cone winter in ten
Évreux and the Saint-André plateau
Évreux, Guichainville, Huest, Pacy-sur-Eure, Saint-André-de-l'Eure, Ézy-sur-Eure
See the citrus trees for this area
Évreux and the Saint-André plateau: −13 °C one winter in ten and −8 °C in an ordinary winter. The centre of Évreux stays at −11.6 °C, while Guichainville and La Couture-Boussey, on the plateau, fall to −13.5 °C. Citranges, Yuzu and Yuzu 3 spend the winter outdoors here; satsumas, the other yuzus and kumquats need a fleece at each frost, against a south-facing wall. Orange trees and clementines stay in pots. The soil is sometimes clay and wet in winter.
Évreux-Huest
The soil of the area and the rootstock
According to the soil map, this area mostly has ordinary brown soils, silty soils and chalky soils. In practice, the soil is often winter-wet, clayey and silty.
Rootstocks to favour: Poncirus, then FA5.
Your plot may be different. Look at the Géoportail soil map (in French) around your home, then refine with our 5-step test.
In open ground, without protection
They withstand −13 °C. In the first years, a fleece on nights below −5 °C is a sensible precaution.
In open ground, with a fleece on frosty nights
They withstand −10 °C. A winter fleece put on at each frost and removed as soon as the frost stops, and a sheltered spot against a south-facing wall.
-
Satsuma China S-2
down to −12 °C · €41.00
-
Ermelo Orange
down to −10 °C · €47.00
-
Changsha Mandarin
down to −12 °C · €38.00
-
Changshan Huyou
down to −11 °C · €38.00
-
Sudachi Seneca
down to −12 °C · €42.00
-
Ichang Lemon Shangyuan
down to −12 °C · €38.00
-
Fukushu Kumquat
down to −10 °C · €32.30
-
US 119
down to −12 °C · €35.00
See all 27 available plants that withstand −10 °C
Sold out for now: 25 other plants
On their page, “Notify me” lets you know when they are back: Ambersweet, Auline, Bendizao Mandarin, Corsican Mountain Orange, Harumi, Jabara, Juanita Mandarin, Kino Kuni Mikakukishu Mandarin, Meiwa Kumquat, Minneola, Nameiwa Kumquat, Rio Red Grapefruit, Sanbokan, Satsuma China S-3, Satsuma Dobashi Beni, Satsuma Iwasaki, Satsuma Kowano, Satsuma Louisiana, Satsuma Miho, Satsuma Pucheng, Satsuma Saigon, Satsuma Waze, Setubalense Mandarin, Shunkokan, Thornless Yuzu.
The others: in a pot, brought in for the winter
Lemons, limes and less hardy citrus (more tender than −10 °C): in a large pot, outdoors from spring to autumn and brought into a bright, frost-free room for the winter. All our citrus trees.
−15 °Cone winter in ten
Bernay, the Risle valley and the Pays d'Ouche
Bernay, Brionne, Beaumont-le-Roger, Conches-en-Ouche, Breteuil, Rugles
See the citrus trees for this area
From Bernay to the Pays d'Ouche, the coldest part: −15 °C one winter in ten and −9 °C in an ordinary winter. Menneval falls to −15.0 °C, Les Bottereaux to −14.5 °C. Citranges, Yuzu and Yuzu 3 spend the winter outdoors here without protection, only just: keep a fleece for exceptional nights. The other yuzus and the hardiest satsumas live here with a fleece at each frost; the other citrus trees stay in pots. The soil is often silty and clay: plant on a mound.
Les Bottereaux
The soil of the area and the rootstock
According to the soil map, this area mostly has ordinary brown soils, waterlogged soils and silty soils. In practice, the soil is often winter-wet, silty and clayey.
Rootstock to favour: Poncirus.
Your plot may be different. Look at the Géoportail soil map (in French) around your home, then refine with our 5-step test.
In open ground, without protection
They withstand −15 °C. In the first years, a fleece on nights below −5 °C is a sensible precaution.
In open ground, with a fleece on frosty nights
They withstand −12 °C. A winter fleece put on at each frost and removed as soon as the frost stops, and a sheltered spot against a south-facing wall.
-
Satsuma China S-2
down to −12 °C · €41.00
-
Changsha Mandarin
down to −12 °C · €38.00
-
Sudachi Seneca
down to −12 °C · €42.00
-
Trivoss No. 1
down to −14 °C · €35.00
-
Citrangeremo
down to −14 °C · €29.75
-
Clemyuz
down to −12 °C · €38.00
-
Eremorange
down to −12 °C · €35.00
-
Satsuma Owari FS
down to −12 °C · €42.00
See all 14 available plants that withstand −12 °C
Sold out for now: 9 other plants
On their page, “Notify me” lets you know when they are back: Ambersweet, Auline, Bendizao Mandarin, Satsuma Dobashi Beni, Satsuma Kowano, Satsuma Louisiana, Satsuma Saigon, Satsuma Waze, Thornless Yuzu.
The others: in a pot, brought in for the winter
Lemons, limes and less hardy citrus (more tender than −12 °C): in a large pot, outdoors from spring to autumn and brought into a bright, frost-free room for the winter. All our citrus trees.
Readings from the Météo-France stations (winters 1996-1997 to 2025-2026)
| Station | Altitude | Ordinary winter | One winter in ten | Record | Winters at −9 °C or below |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boulleville | 122 m | −5.9 °C | −9.3 °C | −12.3 °C (11 February 2012) | 2 out of 22 |
| Beuzeville | 133 m | −7 °C | −12 °C | −13.5 °C (12 February 2012) | 5 out of 24 |
| Lieurey | 163 m | −7 °C | −10.8 °C | −14 °C (12 February 2012) | 7 out of 21 |
| Guichainville | 147 m | −7.2 °C | −13.5 °C | −15 °C (12 February 2012) | 8 out of 30 |
| Muids | 31 m | −7.4 °C | −11.2 °C | −15.3 °C (7 February 2012) | 5 out of 22 |
| Évreux-Huest | 138 m | −7.7 °C | −12.8 °C | −15 °C (12 February 2012) | 9 out of 30 |
| Les Andelys | 16 m | −7.9 °C | −12 °C | −16 °C (7 February 2012) | 9 out of 30 |
| Bernay | 166 m | −7.9 °C | −14.7 °C | −14.9 °C (11 February 2012) | 6 out of 22 |
| Brionne | 59 m | −8 °C | −13 °C | −15 °C (12 February 2012) | 10 out of 24 |
| Évreux ville | 65 m | −8.1 °C | −11.6 °C | −14.9 °C (12 February 2012) | 7 out of 23 |
| Étrépagny | 92 m | −8.7 °C | −16 °C | −16.5 °C (7 February 2012) | 12 out of 24 |
| Breteuil | 168 m | −8.7 °C | −13 °C | −17 °C (12 February 2012) | 15 out of 30 |
| La Couture-Boussey | 134 m | −9 °C | −13.5 °C | −15 °C (12 February 2012) | 13 out of 24 |
| Menneval | 162 m | −9.5 °C | −15 °C | −15.5 °C (11 February 2012) | 12 out of 21 |
| Les Bottereaux | 212 m | −9.8 °C | −14.5 °C | −17.5 °C (11 February 2012) | 16 out of 23 |
“Ordinary winter”: half of the winters go colder, the other half less cold. “One winter in ten”: this cold is reached or exceeded in about one winter in ten. Calculations by the Greffeur d'agrumes nursery.
How to read these figures
The hardiness given on our product pages is the cold that an adult, healthy and hardened citrus tree withstands during a short frost. We compare it with the cold that comes back about one winter in ten: a plant listed “without protection” withstands at least that cold. In harsher winters, about three in thirty, keep a winter fleece ready for the coldest nights.
Very harsh winters are still possible. In February 2012, Les Bottereaux fell to −17.5 °C, Breteuil to −17.0 °C and Étrépagny to −16.5 °C; Évreux recorded −14.9 °C. Such cold can burn the leaves or a few shoots of a citrus tree that is only just hardy enough. Wait for spring to see what grows back before pruning.
To understand what helps a tree get through frost, read Understanding citrus hardiness.
Our advice for the Eure
- Make use of shelter. Towns and walls keep a little warmth at night. The records show it: one winter in ten, the centre of Évreux falls to −11.6 °C, while Guichainville, on the nearby plateau, falls to −13.5 °C. Plant against a south-facing wall, sheltered from the wind.
- Avoid hollows. Cold air flows down and collects in basins and at the bottom of gardens. Plant halfway up a slope rather than at the lowest point.
- Take care of drainage. The silty soils of the north-west and the Pays d'Ouche often stay wet in winter, and the soil is sometimes clay. In heavy or wet soil, plant on a mound.
- Choose the rootstock for your soil. Poncirus is the most cold-resistant: it is the safest choice in the Eure. In the Seine valley, where the soil is often chalky, FA5 does better. Our 5-step test helps you choose: Which rootstock should you choose?
- Plant in spring, once the frosts are over. The tree then has a whole season to take root before its first winter.
- Protect young plants on nights below −5 °C during the first years. Put the winter fleece on at each frost and take it off as soon as the frost stops.
- Mulch in summer only, against drought, without the straw touching the trunk. Pull it away from the foot of the tree at the end of autumn: moisture at the collar encourages phytophthora.
Frequently asked questions
Can I plant a lemon tree in the ground in Évreux?
No. Lemon trees withstand about −5 °C, and Évreux falls to around −8 °C in an ordinary winter. Keep them in pots, brought in for the winter. For a sour fruit in the ground, choose a yuzu or a hardy lemon substitute instead. You will find them in Lemons and lemon substitutes.
Which citrus trees withstand the cold best in the Eure?
Citranges, Yuzu and Yuzu 3, which withstand −15 °C, spend the winter without protection throughout the département; from Bernay to the Pays d'Ouche, keep a fleece for exceptional nights. The other yuzus (Yuzu 30, thornless, Tada Nishiki) and the hardiest satsumas also manage without it in the north-west and the Seine valley; in Évreux and the Pays d'Ouche, they hold out in the ground with a fleece. They are brought together in Hardy citrus.
What about orange trees and clementines?
They withstand −7 to −9 °C depending on the variety. In the north-west, at −11 °C one winter in ten, orange trees and the hardiest clementines live outdoors with a fleece, against a south-facing wall; in the Seine valley, only the hardiest clementines do. Elsewhere, keep them in pots, brought in for the winter to a bright room protected from frost.
My town is not listed: which area should I choose?
Take the nearest area at the same altitude, then compare with the nearest station in the table of readings. Take off about one degree for every 150 m of extra altitude, and one or two degrees if you are in a hollow.
These figures are guidelines. Your garden may be milder or colder than the nearest station. A question about your plot? Write to us.
Sources: Météo-France, daily basic climatological data (data.gouv.fr, Licence Ouverte 2.0); near the eastern border, also the Deutscher Wetterdienst (Datenlizenz Deutschland 2.0); towns, altitudes and boundaries: INSEE, IGN (Admin Express, RGE ALTI) and geo.api.gouv.fr (Licence Ouverte); soils: dominant soil map INRAE / Gis Sol (Licence Ouverte). Topsoil lime: LUCAS, European Commission, JRC (ESDAC, Ballabio et al. 2019).